Infineon (Infineon) launched TDA16846 and TDA16847 switch mode power supply controller since its launch, in TV, VCR, SAT receivers and PC monitors and other SMPS was Panasonic DMC-TZ5 Battery Charger widely used. Improvement on both controllers now and after the improvement and innovation of devices known as type 2 or second generation products, models TDA16846-2 and TDA16847-2, respectively.

TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 is a low-power standby and power factor correction? PFC? SMPS controllers, can be used for fixed-frequency PFC or in synchronous mode flyback converter, the product can either be driven power MOSFET, also capable of driving a bipolar power devices. TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 with low power consumption under light load, the switching frequency can be gradually reduced depending on load reduction.

Structure characteristics of 2-TDA16846-2/47-2
TDA16846-2 and TDA16847-2 with 14 foot P-DIP-14-3 package, its pins arranged such as shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 is the internal structure of these two kinds of chips.
Both of these devices is the difference between TDA16846-2 not 8 feet, TDA16847-2 8 foot transient high power circuits for power management of power supply output (the foot by a capacitor and a RC circuit connected to the land). Two pins of the device functions as listed in the table 1.
Table 1 pin functions

TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 addition to being soft-start, low power consumption, low starting current and voltage/overvoltage protection, current limiting/short circuit protection and electrostatic discharge? ESD? protection features, also has the following main features:
With PFC and the introduction of charge-pump circuit;

Frequency load reduction can continuously reduce, in standby mode, the frequency can be adjusted to 20kHz;
Fixed frequency or a synchronous mode operation;

With a temporary high power circuits (THPC), with power management function (TDA16847-2 only).
TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 of 5 feet (OCI) entered voltage range expanded to 0V, the feet and to Zhijian is no longer needs connection resistance; 7 feet (SYN) improved has started characteristics, block has transformer saturated; 11 feet (PVC) by joined tip peak signal Xiao hidden, improve has anti-noise rejection ability; 13 feet (OUT) reduces has as State output voltage level; 14 feet (VCC) by tip peak Xiao hidden, improve has anti-noise performance.

Compared with the previous TDA16846/TDA16847, TDA16846-2 and TDA16847-2 in addition to further reinforce the low-power standby function, in terms of noise performance has also improved significantly.

TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 support for low-power standby function, in applications such as color television system is of great significance. United States "Energy Star" standard TV standby power consumption of less than 3W, according to the China Nikon D3 Battery Charger Center for energy conservation product certification for? CPCE? sample home-made color TV standby power consumption below 3W only 13 per cent of the measured amount of color TV. 4%, 9W was 34 per cent. 8%. Current standby power consumption below 3W varieties of home-made TV series with a large increase, but from all goals there is still some distance to achieve less than 3W. Using the TDA16846-2/TDA16847-2 color television SMPS can meet low standby power consumption requirements, and reduce costs.

3 circuit and how it works
SMPS circuit controller with TDA16846-2 as shown in Figure 3. For implementation PFC, the circuit in bridge type rectifier and 150 μ f of filter capacitor C07 Zhijian insert has by inductance L08, and diode D08 and capacitor C08 composition of charge pump circuit, so tie power switch (T01), on can in bridge type rectifier entered end produced near sine wave of AC current, and and AC line voltage near with phase, to makes line power factor (PF) far is greater than 0.90, current total harmonic distortion (THD) below 20%.
3. 1 starting performance
After the SMPS power, due to the filtering capacitors C07 DC link voltage on the positive, so resistance R22 will be connected to the current IC1 2 feet by. From IC1 2 feet into the current, diode, as internal connection of 2 feet and 14 feet? see Figure 2? 14 foot external capacitor charging C26. Once the C26 on the charging voltage reaches 15 ± 0. When more than 5V on-chip began work. Devices on a 14 foot Vcc conduction current is JVC BN-VG107 BN-VG114 BN-VG121 Battery Charger 5mA typical values, C26 discharge voltage drop of 14 feet, is reduced below the undervoltage shutdown indicator, the transformer secondary winding (7T) chip through the external diode D26 IC14 feet provide the necessary current. When the IC while working at fixed frequencies, to prevent multiple pulses during startup, in 3 feet of IC1 pulse voltage more than 2. 5V before the threshold, enable IC1 in free Oscillation (free running) mode.

Transformer secondary winding FB-ZVZCS-PWM
Converter circuit topology as shown in the figure 5 [6]. The circuit through the secondary winding of a transformer and the Deputy added a secondary line of simple, without increasing energy consumption components to achieve lag or active switch leg ZCS. Its Deputy rectifier voltage clamping capacitance clamping generally may be limited in a 120% rating, which can be used in high power applications. Advantages of the circuit topology is the wide load range, small loss in duty cycle, current stress component voltage stress, small, low cost. But it also has disadvantages, namely Deputy structure complex, some difficulties in design.

6) Vice-FB-ZVZCS-PWM converter with energy recovery circuit as shown in Figure 6 [7]. It of Vice edge increased has by 3 a fast recovery diode and 2 a small capacitor constitute of energy recovery buffer circuit, this circuit in energy passed initial during, capacitor Cs1 and Cs2 and leak sense resonance, capacitor Shang of Nikon EN-EL11 Battery Charger voltage reached 2nVin, ahead of bridge arm switch tube a closed broken, capacitor Shang voltage on equivalent to original edge, in leak sense Shang produced a anti-pressure, makes original edge current fell. And with low impedance path to the under side of the energy recovery circuit diodes achieve ZVS. The slightly more complex structures, the biggest disadvantage is, since Cs1 and Cs2 and leakage Inductance capacitance resonance, Vice-rectified voltage is almost twice the normal voltage nVin times, increase the voltage of the rectifier tube stress, and because there is a lot of general circulation, increases conduction loss.

7) use FB-ZVZCS-PWM converter with improved energy recovery circuit as shown in Figure 7 [8]. It improved energy recovery circuit to reduce the loop current and Vice an instant pressure. In addition to increased diode Ds4, it works, and line 6) the same.

8) delayed leg FB-ZVZCS-PWM converter into the diode as shown in Figure 8 [9]. It uses in-line diode capacitance voltage may cause blocking of the original edge of reverse current flow. At any load and input voltage range within the lagging legs of zero-current switching.
9) Deputy edges using a simple secondary circuit of FB? ZVZCS? PWM converter as shown in Figure 9 [10]. Deputy of this circuit made up of a simple Panasonic Lumix DMC-FP5 Battery Charger auxiliary circuit: included a small two small capacitors and diodes, structure is simple, the rectified voltage is not constant, depend on the duty cycle. The programme does not contain saturated inductance, auxiliary switch, does not have a large circulation, no additional clamping circuit, this is because Deputy rectifier voltage-clamp at the clamp
Voltage and the output voltage and capacity. ? Components are low-voltage, low-current working under wide load range, duty loss and so on, so that this transformation has high efficiency, low cost, solve the many problems of the present common converter. High power is very promising.

Above known, Figure 2 and Figure 3 circuit using energy components to reset original edge current, reduced has total efficiency and hinder power over 5kW; Figure 4 circuit by Vice edge increased has source clamp bit switch to reset original edge current, price more your and control complex, has source clamp bit switch used of is hard switch, switch frequency is original edge of twice times, switch loss large; figure 5 circuit all has source and no source components are work in minimum current stress and voltage stress Xia, has more wide of ZVZCS range, smaller of accounted for empty than loss, Does not exists serious of parasitic circulation, power over 5kW, but secondary circuit complex; figure 6 circuit in the capacitor Cs1 and Cs2 and leak sense resonance caused large of cycle energy, reduced has total efficiency and makes Vice edge rectifier voltage almost is normal voltage nVs of twice times, increased has Vice edge rectifier tube of current stress, transformer and switch of guide pass loss also increased has; Figure 7 circuit is on Figure 6 circuit of improved, it reduces has Vice edge moments Super pressure and circulation, also can makes switch loss to load ; By comparison in Figure 6 and Figure 7 buffer circuit Cs spark timing and JVC GZ-MG20U Battery Charger leakage L1k reset time, one can see the capacitance reduction and transformers leakage inductance energy absorption capability and capacity, the latter than the former doubled, and scope can be extended to use Figure 7 circuit overloads. Figure 9 before circuit simplifies several ZVZCS programme, just from a small two small capacitors and diodes consisting of simple auxiliary circuits without increasing energy consumption components and active switch ZVZCS, not only to the original condition of edge switches provide ZVZCS and rectifier diode clamping Vice, efficiency is high and the price is cheap.

Current processor, imaging, and storage systems using multiphase power solutions. These solutions can provide a very high switching frequency response and performance of the converter, at the same time to a more modest frequency switched to the individually on. On the single-channel step-down converter, they can also provide higher output current than actual. Multiphase power advantage comes from the phase of staggered. Phase staggered through at uniform intervals (for example: in a staggered three-phase converter at 120 ° intervals for interlaced), itself a single phase output ripple is inherent in other Nikon D80 Battery Charger phase-down to average levels, overall output ripple is reduced. PWM Switching frequency of the use of lower, achievable targets for a given output ripple design, at the same time by reducing switching losses to improve efficiency.

Multiphase power management system has some of its own unique problems, including light-load efficiency and redundancy of the system (phase shedding), and phase current balance of the life of the system. Implementing these features in the traditional analog power supply would be more difficult, but using a digital controllers can be easily completed the task. In this case study, introduces a digital power solution, it has the advantage of multiphase synchronous buck converters, at the same time can turn off voltage control loop using digital methods, and to manage under different conditions of load and thermal phase, for optimum power performance.Solutions

This system is composed of up to 6 interleaved synchronous buck converters, these converters are controlled by a microprocessor, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 CNC multi-phase staggered synchronous buck
TI launches 32-bit TMS320F2806 digital signal controller (DSC) running at 100 MHz frequency, and to the power supply for the target. In this case, its voltage mode control implemented in software, the software uses a single channel sampling on the PWM Switching frequency 2 pole 20 digital compensator. Duty ratio will then be passed on to every pressure-relief phase (all duty adjustment to achieve phase equilibrium). By using the on-chip 12-bit analog to digital converter (ADC) system output voltage feedback. MOSFET temperature throughout the ADC are available, for the purposes of monitoring and on-chip integrated circuit (I2C) port provides PMBus™ Communication support. Application has been specially designed for synchronous buck a UCD7230 gate drive, providing the use of TI TrueDrive™ 4-A structure of dual-channel MOSFET the output drive, cyclically, current limit, and a built-in low offset, high gain, differential current sensing amplifiers.

Cutting and increasing phase
Provides a method to improve the efficiency and reliability of the power supply. Under light load conditions, dynamically reduce the number of operating phase will usually bring about efficiency gains. When load demands increase, a cut that can be reactivated. Similarly, by rebalancing between the remaining phase of JVC GZ-MG21U Battery Charger staggered, resection of a phase or for failure of a phase other than the running state at the border, will help maintain system performance. In applications that require very high reliability, failure of a standby phase can be brought on line to replace the phase, which is N+1 redundant designs. Regardless of the reasons for removal of a phase, the remaining phases (or increase in the redundant design of N+1 phase) alternate angle should be resized to maintain optimal performance. For example, from a 120 ° staggered three-phase converter in the resection of a phase-separating the two phases separated by 180 °.

TMS320F2806 the PWM controller component supports software synchronization and phase control. Each PWM output has a phase-synchronous registers, it counts and the first count of the PWM output values offset from the value. This allows all cross-type pressure-relief phase angle is more than can be statically configured during system initialization, but can be dynamically resize while the system is running.
Figure 2a shows a 120 ° staggered (conditions: 10V, 3A, 2V output load and entered 300 kHz PWM Switching) staggered three-phase buck converter PWM structure oscilloscope screen capture. Oscilloscope display of channel 1 to 3 is a single phase voltage, and interlaced output voltage is shown on Channel 4 (all oscilloscope channels are AC coupled). Run through all three phases, it can be concluded that the output ripple 4.9 mV (output voltage of 0.25%). Without adjusting the two remaining phases (see Figure 2B) corner cases, resection of phase 2 will increase output ripple caused by 86%, is 9.1 mV. In order to get 180 ° staggered (see figure 2c), after the two remaining software adjustment phase, the ripple decreased to 7.9 mV. In addition to still greater than the initial value (because a two-phase system cannot access, such as a system of three-phase low ripple), than the remainder of the angle have not been adjusted by 13%.

Three-phase 2A interlaced output synchronous buck

2B 120 ° when interlaced, removal of phase 2, leave the phase 1 and phase 3

2c to adjust to achieve the phase 1 and phase 3 180 ° cross
Phase current balance
In order to optimize power supply reliability and service life of components, each phase in multiphase systems are equal sharing of power load is worth it. Due to the power switch and inductive components between different and non-symmetry circuit board layout and thermal, flows through the phase currents are not the same. Basic balancing method include measurement of phase currents, as well as the requirements for each phase individually adjust the PWM duty cycle, to balance the current. Current non-equilibrium Dynamics very slowly, thus balancing loop sampling rates can be lower, almost can be dozens of ppm for a few seconds, or even for a few seconds. Thus, calculation of the additional burden on the microprocessor can be ignored. To reduce the impact sensor noise, to sample the balancing loop rate current read, and change every time a phase current measurement. Simple low gain full "only" is often used to close the balancing loop control algorithm. Average phase current in use as a reference in each loop of repeated, can be performed on each phase balance. Another way is that sometimes just at the time measured the highest and lowest current phase equilibrium with each other, to achieve the phase current balance. Regardless of which method to use, all phase currents will eventually converge to the same value.

PWM precision of phase current balance is usually encountered a problem. A 10V input as it is by a 100 MHz PWM clock 300 kHz 2V output synchronous buck converter PWM drive. The buck PWM accuracy on the output will be 30 mV, or is equivalent to the output of 2V 1.5%. In General, compared to achieve phase balance and avoid balance control loop limit cycles (limit cycling) needs a better duty cycle adjustment, this size will be one or two orders of magnitude. F2806 controller has a solution to this problem, and having enhanced PWM module of high precision. This high precision PWM ~150 PS edge location. This is the equivalent to the above buck instance provides a 0.45 mV output precision, or 0.02%-2V output. This solution provides high-precision phase current balance and better features.

Conclusion
This article describes a NC multi-phase staggered DC/DC buck the system, its voltage mode control and has the cutting phase and increased and more characteristic of phase current balance. Using traditional analog controller to implement these characteristics will be very challenging, using a microprocessor-based digital  Panasonic Lumix DMC-FS7 Battery Charger controller can easily accomplish any of these tasks. UCD7230 gate drive F2806 digital signal controller and current sense amplifier of signal control combination provides a complete solution, and on-chip Flash memory with a single run, synchronous PWM modules, measuring with high precision ADC and PMBus communication function of the feedback signal.

Beijing Zhongguancun electronic stores have begun to part of the digital camera prices, but prices are the major SLR and lenses, short-term price certainly does not fall down. The reason is simple, the global digital camera market is currently ranked in the forefront of almost "uniformly" is a Japanese company, Canon, Nikon is in the high-end SLR camera sales ranking on the championship. Japan's east coast a large concentration of iron and steel industry, petrochemical, manufacturing and other key industries and pillar industries of Japan, many factories severely damaged in the earthquake, forced to stop, is expected to resume operations take some time. Since many factories in Japan, Japanese companies located in the industrial chain in the upper, well-known part of the plant controls the production of the product's core components and technologies, therefore, the crisis of global product supply chain is on the "red light", which China's industry and what impact will it?

Automotive: high localization rate of dilution of supply chain risk
Affected by the earthquake, the Japanese Big Three auto makers announced that starting March 14, halted, and did not announce the resumption of production schedule. The industry is widely expected, the core of many auto parts manufacturers in the earthquake-stricken areas, the future supply of spare parts will be affected, so  JVC Everio GZ-MS120 Battery Charger the Japanese vehicle production and supply will be greatly reduced, the Japanese car prices vehicle's factory will face shortage of spare parts dilemma, and this grim situation for a very long period of time will be difficult to eliminate. The earthquake's impact on the Japanese auto industry is not limited to this, Japanese car prices will be in the labor force, electricity supply, fuel supply, transportation, face enormous challenges.

Automotive industry that the rolling blackouts a great impact on Japanese auto industry, Japanese car companies to achieve zero inventory, the implementation of on-time production system, supply of spare parts due to power outages caused by the delay, will disrupt the production schedule.

However, the Japanese earthquake on China's domestic joint venture, the impact should not be too great. As the current joint-venture factory in China, Japan, the localization rate generally high, while a small amount of imported CKD parts inventory in the customs there, so production remains to be seen. However, the earthquake will result in the supply chain crisis, the specific impact of the joint venture will depend on the recovery of the Japanese factory.

Zeng Qinghong, general manager of Guangzhou Automobile Group, said, as produced by Guangzhou Automobile basically home-made auto parts, thus, the earthquake in Japan, Guangzhou Automobile production capacity will be much affected. According to him, the current models Guangzhou Automobile parts localization ratio has reached 90%, Accord and some other models is more than 95%, so the earthquake in Japan caused by the transport barrier does not cause too wide steam production a big impact. The number of non-domestic individual parts, not only in Japan but also to produce, you can adjust the global supply chain solution.

FAW Toyota, the relevant responsible person said, stop domestic production of cars has not been for the impact, but the powertrain to provide key parts of Japan, Toyota halted so there may be other models of Corolla production have an impact, the issue ultimately involved in the production of Toyota in Japan to re-evaluate such loss is recognized only after the state announced the supply chain.

As the largest Nissan's joint venture in China, Dongfeng Nissan, because its production Teana, Trail and other high-end models, some parts need to be imported, so the next day produced by this native plant shutdowns will inevitably impact.

The industry believes that, Toyota Lexus, Acura, Nissan, Infiniti and other models for all of the imported models, while the brand has a factory in Japan, the earthquake caused the shutdown of imports this year will undoubtedly impact China's vehicle sales impact. Japanese earthquake will cause tight supply domestic and imported cars, but will help speed up the localization process of Japan's high-end vehicles and parts production to re-layout.
Senior auto industry analyst Jia Xinguang said that in China, the United States, Japanese companies will not stop, even without the earthquake, because Toyota and other Japanese auto companies have adopted the principle is to produce.

But not all people are so optimistic, Merchants Securities analyst Wang Sheng analysis, although the localization rate of the Japanese joint venture companies has increased, but the engine, gearbox and other core components required to assemble imported from Japan, the earthquake in parts supply damage in the short term disruption to Nikon D2XS Battery Charger plant outages and shipping enterprises in China and Japan will produce an adverse market impact. Domestic brands, the basic automatic transmission wave from Japan, short-term damage to Japanese parts system will adversely affect the supply of transmission, affecting production of own brand development.

E: core components enterprises are facing out of stock
Number of market research firm said that the Japanese share of global chip market, 1 / 5, the earthquake on the global chip supply and prices have serious implications. This led the market for many widely used component supply shortages or price increases concerned, especially for smart phones and tablet PCs and other popular products of flash memory chips to store data. Specializes in electronics industry analyst at market research firm IHSiSuppli Jerry Nick said, the next two weeks will bea certain Japanese semiconductor supply interruption, which could have the next quarter, the entire supply chain, resulting in a considerable impact.

Japan is the world's LCD panel of the main gathering of raw materials and equipment, the world's top three manufacturers of the LCD panel glass substrate production line in Japan Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. mainly concentrated in Japan;

Another glass manufacturer Corning glass substrate is located in Shizuoka, Japan, the LCD panel capacity and short-term supply and demand, or will be affected adversely.

Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. in Shenzhen TCL is 8.5 generation LCD panel provider supporting the project, TCL's responsible person, Asahi Glass will not have any impact on the Shenzhen project, TCL Group's 8.5-generation line is still in accordance with the original plan accelerate the implementation. In addition, Sharp, Panasonic plasma 10-generation panel plant and plant away from the earthquake center in Osaka, Sharp and Panasonic are still responsible person confirmed that the normal operation of the factory, has little effect.

It is reported that China's mobile phones, LCD televisions, computers, monitors and other major electronics production volumes, many of the key raw materials and upstream of the main components imported from Japan.

Qu Xiaodong, general manager of CCW Research, said that if Japan-related manufacturers such as road transport badly damaged or difficult to restore short-term conditions, the tight supply situation will occur. Especially in digital cameras and camera industry, the impact will become more apparent. "But because they have inventories in distribution channels, so the impact of the earthquake in three months will only be apparent."
According to CCID Consulting Centre for the semiconductor industry analyst Wang Yong, the current domestic LCD panel used in liquid crystal materials, such as glass substrates, and polarizers are basically imported from Japan, so China is to start high-generation LCD panels are likely to be affected by the project earthquake impact.

In contrast, the semiconductor chips are more affected. According to CCID Consulting, semiconductor and consumer electronics business group director Li Ke introduction, although in recent years, Japan's share of the global semiconductor industry declining, but still is a major supplier of flash memory chips one; especially as the three major flash memory makers Toshiba, one of 40% of its total global output, enough to have an impact on global prices. Li Ke said, it takes time to resume production after the earthquake re-commissioning of the equipment, so for some time, the flash memory chip prices will remain firm even bullish.

Iron and steel: the overall positive on the domestic steel market
Japan Iron and Steel Federation data show that from 2009 to 2010, the affected area the basic quantities of steel in Japan accounted for 30% of the total ordering of steel about the short-term exports to Japan, some varieties of steel will be affected. The affected companies from the current main product structure, the main affected areas of the steel companies to produce the main plate and pipe, steel production in the region will inevitably lead to market resources to reduce supply, thus pushing up prices of related products. However, from the medium to long term, post-disaster reconstruction needs a lot of steel, and the gradual return to work with the manufacturing, steel demand will surge, increasing the volatility of steel prices. In addition, due to significant increase in scrap after the earthquake, the international scrap prices will have an impact.

Recently, Wuhan Iron and Steel shares issued in April 2011 steel products price adjustment policies, the oriented silicon steel prices in March, based on the sales price generally price a thousand dollars. The industry believes that the substantial price increase should be the Wuhan Iron and steel mills in Japan affected by the earthquake and tsunami on shutdown.

Well-known steel information organizations "My steel net," said analyst Zhang Tieshan, "the general feeling on the domestic steel market is good for China, excess capacity, but also an unexpected increase in a large demand." But he also pointed out that for the domestic market, the good should be mainly sheet products, as building materials, sourcing from China, Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3 Battery Charger Japan, steel, wire, demanding, can achieve very little. The Japanese steel mills cut reduction in the global high-end steel exports, "more than half of the gap fill by Chinese steel mills," said Zhang Tieshan, terms of Japan's exports in 2010 to calculate the volume of China's steel exports should be able to add 20 million tons, "especially the excellent performance of silicon steel Wuhan Iron and Steel" and therefore pushed up the prices are expected.

Some analysts have estimated that steel prices in Japan to the Japanese earthquake caused direct losses or production reached 31 million tons, according to the reconstruction period of 12 months estimated production of 3,000 tons affecting about 2% of global crude steel production, and to the main board. Little impact on the global steel supply, but exacerbated the decline in iron ore prices early, resulting in fear of China's steel supply will continue to remain high. From the demand side, Japan will re-board the main room early, limited demand for steel.

Security system, the current is mainly generated image from the CCD camera, CCD is a charge-coupled device (charge coupled deice) short, it will become light and the charge storage and charge transfer can also be stored out of charge the voltage change, it is an ideal camera component, consisting of a CCD camera with its small size, light weight, free from magnetic fields, with the seismic impact of the characteristics of the East and is widely used. 

Shenzhen Lin Chang Chang Digital Video Technology Co., Ltd. is engaged in forest monitoring under the monitoring system product development, production and sales of JVC GR-D796 Battery Charger professional companies. The company's leading products for embedded digital hard disk video recorders, network video server. Its main feature is high-resolution, low bit rate, but also has high reliability, ease of use for cross-regional, multi-network protocol systems. 

The following small series takes you through two hot cameras now! Go together!

CSP-668p wide dynamic camera 
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Details

Imaging Device 1 / 3 "DPS (Digital Pixel System) 

Signal system compatible with PAL and NTSC (standard can be switched via the OSD menu) 

Effective Pixels PAL: 720 (horizontal) × 540 (vertical); NTSC: 720 (horizontal) × 540 (vertical) 

Horizontal Resolution: 540 lines Vertical: 460 lines 

Minimum illumination 0.5Lux/F1.2; 0.08Lux/F1.2 (slow shutter mode) 

SNR greater than 48dB 

Dynamic range of 102dB (typical), 120dB (max) 

Control OSD screen menu control mode 

White Balance ATW / AWB / MANUAL variety of white balance modes are available 

Color temperature Panasonic DMW-BCG10PP Battery Charger range 2000K to 11,000 K Automatic 

AGC Low / Medium / High / custom 

Video output 0.8-1.5Vp-p (signal amplitude adjustable), 75 Ohm 

Adjustable Gamma Correction 

Synchronization Internal / Line Lock LL 

12V DC supply voltage 

Power consumption 130mA (12VDC) 

Operating temperature -10 ℃ ~ +50 ℃ RH95% MAX 

Comments: The camera uses a Nikon EN-EL12 Battery Charger new generation of intelligent digital image processing circuits, makes the picture clear and bright; dynamic regions, respectively, real-time digital backlight compensation; high signal to noise ratio 48dB, built-in digital motion detector. Oh, I feel really good quality! Come and try! 

CSP-230DP Digital HD Camera 

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Details 

Using 1/4inch IT CCD Sensor 

Output high-definition images 

High sensitivity 

Ultra low-light (0.3LUX - 0.5LUX) low-power 

Through the OSD menu and RS-485 interface to control the camera

Compatible with SONY communication protocol suitable for installation indoor / outdoor high-speed ball 

23X optical zoom 10X digital zoom 

NTSC / PAL dual system can reach 480TV lines horizontal resolution 

Comments: This product with a Panasonic Lumix DMC-ZS3 Battery Charger high definition picture quality, Super BLC, AGC and electronic shutter function, ultra-low-light, low-power! Hitachi original movement! Quality that is not to say!

A long time, photos in most people is in the concept paper on a flat surface images, output technology upgrading of the only photos on the paper planes, but did not enjoy the media get a breakthrough.

It is well known that photo is the maximum value is used to record with appreciation, in the era of film because film taken could not be immediately visible, the user will select the photo film print to paper. In this case, print photos is in order not to waste had shot a film needs, rather than the necessary to enjoy. Implements photo recording and playback functionality "photo paper" final resting place can only hide in photo albums album, waiting for the dust blockade, yellowing of the paper, only a limited number of tickets to display mounted in a frame for appreciation.

In recent years, digital cameras, digital cameras and camera phones of rapid development, source of the photo become rich. Application of digital technology, was made possible by taking pictures of Nikon Coolpix S220 Battery Charger what you see is what, the LCD of the camera, computer screen replaces the function of the recording and reproduction of the paper, then use paper as a medium of photos is also able to appreciate the important task of? If not stimulated Volkswagen's new aesthetic needs, so how can this fast-growing photo resources into consumer market releases out?

Has appeared on the market that can image on t-shirts, mugs for thermal transfer printing technology, but due to the output photo inaccurate color accuracy is not high, and medium specifications shortcomings such as restrictions difficult to heat transfer printing machine breakthrough difficult photos-level image output crowned as something presentable, it failed to enter the mainstream consumer.

"Character print" came out, brought a new industry to digital image output "feast". "Character print" product of the output medium is extremely rich, in addition to the traditional photo paper, can also be extended to a variety of portrait of fabric, or even plastic, metal, glass, ceramics, wood, cloth and other materials printed on the surface of solid real photo and is not limited by the surface shape. Its technology is the introduction of printing ink to desktop inkjet platforms, breakthrough technology limitations of thermal transfer, replacing a variety of professional auxiliary equipment, realize complex transfer task.

"Character print" make the picture printed on a variety of materials and various arts and crafts became possible, output will bring photos of historical change. From then on, view family photos, not just confined to paper plane, printed on something that the user can enjoy photos of themselves, their friends and family, photography, was extended by digital video output.

Differentiated product grab the digital imaging market
Although on the product form, "character print" provided is based on a desktop inkjet print cartridge, and printing, transfer printing materials, but on the performance and range of applications, "character print" products with universal Nikon Coolpix S550 Battery Charger inkjet printing supplies is a far cry from.

First of all, on the print quality, "character print" perfect mix of ink and print material (such as photo paper, photo fabric, card, CD, etc) can reproduce colors accurately, Cilia are digital photo, a more common printing supplies cannot achieve excellent waterproofing and antifouling capability. General printing supplies on the market is covered by ink absorption layer waterproof coating to achieve water resistance, and "character print" prints are ink and print coating raw material the use of water on nano-materials, on the water resistance down the tubes. Both photo paper, photo or other print materials, print good photos without lamination, laminating, to undergo a long period of display and any water to clean, waterproof, dirt and oxidation resistance of natural abilities.

Secondly, on the application range of products, "character print" was a man. Its core product--"character print" ink cartridges and traditional the biggest difference is that, apart from realization of printing photos in traditional supply functions, with the "character print" special transfer paper, can be realized in plastic, metal, glass, ceramics, wood, fabric and other materials of solid physical surface photo-level character printed. This greatly expanded the scope picture output, available on a multitude of crafts, gifts, household products, consumer electronics, and  Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ7 Battery Charger so becomes bearing photos of the "frame"! Differentiation of function "character print" products can create more value for customers, and also get rid of stereotypes in general printing supplies for home and Office situations for photofinishing business printing, photography, advertising gifts, home furnishing, fashion, consumption, and other industries have found individualized path of value-added applications.

Service Guide to build a new marketing model
In the IT market, printing supplies, unit, peripherals and software, networking, service industries, such as neck's sixth-largest main directions, annual market size of over $ 30 billion. But a long time, due to product use is mainly confined to the area of enterprise and Home Office, steady growth in this market was more prosaic, prices, squeezing profits by means of tackling tough problems common to technological breakthroughs, marketing updates ways nothing new.
Is different from the traditional mode of printing supplies sales, "character print" products at a low price point, a large area of distribution is not capture the market. DEC hang ten years of sales experience in product marketing for success must be a service, add value to customer benefit as root. "Character print" product characteristic of doomed must consist of manufacturers – agent – end user stage and meticulous service and to co-operate in developing markets in order to maximize the "character print" the value of a product. Like is like the early days of video capture device, the current "character print" end-customer orientation in the commercial value of the user, with the deepening of the application, the market grows and reduced operational complexity, "character print" product will go into thousands upon thousands of families.

Supporting industries highlights business opportunities
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Strict landscape, have a very high demands on technology and equipment. To show in the photo the grand vision of broad momentum, the color of the gradient, details, and so on, a high quality movie DSLR can be said to be the best picture of the filming equipment. Sony latest movies amplitude α 900, has the highest existing 135-format DSLR 24.6 million pixels, combined with double digital Dual Bionz image processor and a range of high quality lenses at any time you play a creative!

Available entry and mid-level DSLR, with APS-C pieces of photographic Assembly and using pieces of Alpha 900 Exmor CMOS sensor in landscape photography what advantages do? First, site-wide imaging sensor size the same as one 35mm traditional film size, so there is no focal length growth problems, more broad perspective. Using a series of JVC BN-V408U Battery Charger wide angle lens or fish-eye lens, will be able to fully play the wide angle lens benefits. Line with Sony a series of top super wide angle and fisheye lenses such as such as SAL16F28 Fisheye, SAL35F14G, SAL1635Z* Zeiss lenses, α 900 definitely is the best choice for shooting landscapes photos.
* Coming soon

FishEye lense on the APS-C site of DSLR, not full mirrorHead angle of 180 degrees.

Full amplitude α 900 SAL16F28 Fisheye fish glasses characteristicFull.

General APS-C 10 million pixel site DSLR Alpha 900 shooting sample photos.
Compared with the APS-C site, Alpha 900 full picture of the Exmor CMOS sensor photosensitive area of each pixel is greater, plus the lower density of pixels, directly improving the sensor-to-noise ratio in order to gain advantage of low noise, high dynamic range. Using Alpha 900 D-Range Optimizer feature built in, more camera's dynamic range can be further improved. This is important for shooting landscapes photo, because the brightness and contrast of the shooting environment cannot be controlled, high dynamic range photo of high levels of light and dark places to provide more, and sky, the surface gradient in places such as smoother.

Alpha 900 with up to 24.6 million pixels, clear shot sign in the phone number.

Picture of the Alpha 900 has a higher dynamic range, able to show more of the gradient layer.
Site advantage with the, plus Alpha 900 of Panasonic CGA-DU07 Battery Charger the simulation/digital conversion chip and double digital Dual Bionz image processor, in simulation/digital transformation and dual noise reduction during image processing, ensure screen real return. In addition, 24.6 million pixel alpha 900 has the highest in the world, beat out of photo scenery can be output to an A1 size, we can work at any time print large size photo display, tasting brought shock site images.

Using FishEye lense shot, not be able to use gradient layer light reduction filter. D-range optimizer feature of opening the Alpha 900, even ten minutes to screen large, continue to have access to the ideal level, take one shoot HDR effect.

Members photo shooting landscapes, sunny conditions on the believe that it is not always the case. Indeed dark, cloudy or even rain, can shoot good works. Alpha 900 is the world's first built-in Super shock system (SteadyShot INSIDE) of the entire movie site DSLR, provides up to 2.5-4 level of earthquake effects. Even in low light situations, you can still let us handheld shooting, and keep the photo clear and sharp.

Alpha 900 body waterproof splashing design

Photographic components into the dust, can form on the photo black

In addition, the Alpha 900 body with lightweight magnesium alloy manufacture and highly dust-proof and waterproof splashed design, even the rain is falling, we are not afraid of Alpha 900 body is damaged. Everyone when shooting landscapes photos may often use fine stop shooting if PC components Matted with dust will be forming black spots in photos. To Nikon MH-65 Battery Charger avoid the sensitive components soaked dust and affect the quality of the photo, Alpha 900 features a range of dust-proof design. Exmor CMOS equipped with antistatic coating to reduce the chances of dust is attached, while SteadyShot INSIDE the dust shake system will effectively earthquake off the dust on sensitive components.

Addition excellent imaging quality and around-the-clock shooting performance, Alpha 900 offers more conducive to landscape shooting functions. Viewers of the Alpha 900 offers 100% of vision, and equipped with 3 "Big Xtra Fine LCD, and everyone can shoot clear grasp the scope of framing and composition. If you frequently convert camera settings, can also use their memories of the Alpha 900 setting function, frequently used shooting mode combinations including driving mode, exposure compensation, ISO setting, shutter setting, focus mode is stored in 3 memory set, filming process much smoother.

Focal length >35mm (the 52mm equivalent) aperture >F1.8 speed >1/60s >ISO 400 shutter speed and white balance > automatic Coke light circle lens's outstanding imaging and Alpha pick-up 16.2 million megapixel Exmor APS HD CMOS 35 produce brilliant colours and perfect noise control.

In July of Guangzhou, the Sun blazing like a ball of fire, subtropical monsoon moisture brought scattered not to go, people all over sticky answer answer, the wet, as if stained with a layer of Nikon D2XS Battery Charger glue. No doubt this is spoilt by dry air of the North was a disaster for me. But say "bad weather is good weather photographer", high-temperature heat, thunder lightning or dust storms, more bad weather easier out masterpieces. After this three-day trip to Guangzhou under the hot sun, but I'm not convinced about this move.

Date: July 7 weather: sunny

Focal length >20mm (the 30mm equivalent) speed >1/1000s aperture >F5.6 shutter speed exposure white balance compensation >+1 > >ISO 100; automatic full 600 m high tower in Guangzhou, "Jesus light" under the guard of into the sky, at the foot of Pearl River flowing quietly, after Asian Games Guangzhou weather new. Use 18-55mm standard lens shot in moving window on the bus, taking into account the strong backlighting, increase a compensation. If you are not on the sports car, it is recommended that used Alpha 35 D-RANGE key top taken HDR function is activated.

Focal length >100mm (equivalent to 150mm) >1/200s speed >ISO aperture >F4.5 shutter speed 100 photo mode > high light with a telephoto lens photograph portrait can take full advantage of Panasonic DMC-TZ5 Battery Charger the telephoto on compression characteristics of the creation of space, shoot with the "picture effects" in the "high light" mode, direct access to Japanese albums of high light portraits.

Alpha 35 small, even a little model girls can easily hold.

Auto Italian photography, from the beginning of digital single-electron Alpha 35 This to Guangzhou I carry only with has a Taiwan Sony digital single electric α 35 and several support lens: a support random sets head 18-55mm/F3.5-5.6 used to shooting to this a tour type of Memorial as, or in bus car Shang isolation window capture; a support light of 35mm/F1.8 will Coke lens, as large aperture marked head shooting jishixing photos; also has a support 70-400mm/f4-5.6G high quality telephoto lens, to should portrait and in wildlife park in of shooting. Three lenses, perform their respective duties, considering that not many opportunities to use ultra wide-angle mirrors, so another excellent 11-18mm/F4.5-5.6 Sony wide angle zoom lens is not included in the plan.

In fact, this is basically my recommendation to photographers start user configuration. First, the random toe is the most affordable choice getting started learning photography, although the image quality, but 18-55mm lens is small, light, coke is also happens to be the most commonly used, is every beginner must-have camera. And telephoto lens is quite getting started user familiar with the camera after use, favorite lens purchases.

Currently common of long Jiao Bianjiao lens Coke segment cover 70-200mm, and 70-300mm or 70-400mm, if like large aperture, and excellent of virtual of effect, so cable 70200mm/f2.8GSSM absolute is will selected of property; if like shooting animal birds, silver James paint of 70-400mm/f4-5.6G SSM Imaging will will let you surprise; and if pursuit light, and  Panasonic DMW-BCF10PP Battery Charger affordable, and balance telephoto, so 75-300mm/F4.5-5.6 or your some of 70-300mm/f4.5-5.6G SSM are is suitable. Finally, fixed-focus 35mm because this is the choice of lens Alpha equivalent on a 35 52mm, scope are part of the standard lens, perspective and similar to the human eye, is shooting documentary photos of choice.

Effective pixels: 16.2 million

Storage media: SD/SDHC/SDXC/MS Duo

Image sensor: 23.5x15.6mm Exmor APS HD CMOS

Continuous shooting speed: 7 frames/second

New upgrade of 16.2 million megapixel Exmor APS HD CMOS, higher-quality, and support for 1080P full HD video camera, improved generation recording HD video before overheating problems, experience better.

Fixed semi-permeable mirrors of the inheritance from the previous generation is the most obvious structural characteristic α 35, high speed continuous shooting, support live view features such as video shoot phase-detection af is derived from this.

Established with stereo microphone pickup to ensure recording of high definition video with stereo sound effects, in addition, in the left side of the fuselage with a separate microphone interface.

Handle still uses rubber skin, anti-slip effect is pretty good, JVC BN-VM200U Battery Charger but handle limited depth, suitable for women, but for men long gripping feeling is not very good, especially after receiving a dimensional weight larger telephoto lens on, easily fatigue.

D-RANGE key top can customize functionality, in addition to the original set taken HDR photos, and can also be set to photographic effects, and so the function keys.